ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Hydroxyapatite has been widely used in the studies on bone materials due to its good histocompatibility and bone conductivity. But pure hydroxyapatite has no antibacterial properties. Therefore, the antibacterial modification of hydroxyapatite is of great importance.OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of the antibacterial modification of hydroxyapatite. METHODS: A computer-based retrieval of Science Direct online, PubMed, and CNKI databases was performed for the articles published before 2019. The key words were “antibacterial mechanism, hydroxyapatite, silver, gold, copper, cobalt, chitosan, strontium, zinc, gallium, magnesium, selenium, titanium” in English and Chinese, respectively. The irrelevant, repeated and old articles were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There are many ways to modify hydroxyapatite, but the main way is to add metal antibacterial particles. Silver, gold, copper, cobalt, chitosan, strontium, zinc, gallium, magnesium, selenium and titanium can be added into hydroxyapatite to make it have antibacterial activity. There are still some limitations in the research of antibacterial materials: the release curve of antibacterial Ions in hydroxyapatite has not been well regulated. There are few antibacterial materials, let alone used for implants in vivo. More nontoxic substances with good antibacterial properties need to be found. Due to the toxicity of antibacterial Ions, there is no uniform standard for the optimal concentration of each kind of antibacterial ion.